Bismuth metal standard composition | ||||||||
Bi | Cu | Pb | Zn | Fe | Ag | As | Sb | total impurity |
99.997 | 0.0003 | 0.0007 | 0.0001 | 0.0005 | 0.0003 | 0.0003 | 0.0003 | 0.003 |
99.99 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.0003 | 0.0005 | 0.01 |
99.95 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.05 |
99.8 | 0.005 | 0.02 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.025 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.2 |
Property | Description |
Atomic Number | 83 |
Atomic Mass | 208.98 u |
Density | 9.78 g/cm³ (at 20°C) |
Melting Point | 271.4°C (520.5°F) |
Boiling Point | 1564°C (2847°F) |
Color | Silvery-white with a pinkish hue |
State at Room Temp. | Solid |
Electrical Conductivity | Relatively low |
Thermal Conductivity | Low |
Toxicity | Low toxicity, non-toxic in most forms |
Magnetic Properties | Diamagnetic (weakly repelled by magnetic fields) |
1. Semiconductor: Semiconductor device for high purity bismuth and tellurium, selenium, antimony and other combination, pulling the thermocouple for temperature, thermoelectric power generation and refrigeration. For assembling air conditioner and refrigerator. The optical resistance can be obtained by the use of artificial bismuth sulfide to increase the sensitivity of the visible spectral region.
2. Nuclear industry: High purity (99.999%Bi) for heat carrier or coolant for nuclear industry heap, for the protection of nuclear fission device materials
3.Other :
Additive to steel , Fusible alloys, Pharmaceutical industry
· Bismuth smelting process : feed stock ----- melting---- flow making--- precipitation---- bismuth in the bottom of the furnace----put matte----Lower the temperature and drop batches of charge
It repels both the north and south poles of a magnet. This property is relatively rare among metals and is exploited in various scientific experiments.
Bismuth has one of the lowest thermal conductivities among metals, making it useful in certain applications where heat insulation is required.
Bismuth is relatively brittle compared to many other metals. This brittleness makes it unsuitable for structural applications but useful in certain alloys and low-temperature applications.
Bismuth has a unique crystal structure known as a rhombohedral lattice, which contributes to its distinctive physical properties.
Yes, bismuth is considered a relatively rare metal in the Earth's crust. While it's not as abundant as elements like iron or aluminum, it's still found in various minerals and ores, often as a by-product of mining other metals such as lead, copper, zinc, and tin. However, its rarity doesn't diminish its significance; bismuth is valued for its distinctive properties and finds applications in a variety of industries.
Bismuth metal, characterized by its high density and silvery appearance with a pinkish tinge, serves various purposes across industries. Typically brittle on its own, bismuth is often combined with other metals to enhance its utility. Alloys of bismuth with tin or cadmium, renowned for their low melting points, find application in several critical areas:
Fire Detection and Extinguishers: Bismuth alloys are integral components in fire detection systems, such as fire detectors and extinguishers, due to their ability to melt at relatively low temperatures, triggering essential safety mechanisms.
Electric Fuses: Bismuth-based alloys are employed in electric fuses, where precise melting points are crucial for safeguarding electrical circuits against overcurrents and short circuits.
Solders: Bismuth alloys, when mixed with other metals, are utilized in soldering applications. These solders provide reliable connections in electronics, plumbing, and various manufacturing processes.
Bismuth metal is generally considered safe to touch under normal handling conditions. However, certain precautions should be taken during subsequent operations that may generate dust or fumes, such as grinding, melting, or welding. Inhalation of bismuth dust or fumes should be avoided. If exposure occurs and breathing difficulties arise, it is advisable to move to fresh air, maintain warmth, and provide oxygen if necessary. As with handling any material, it's essential to follow appropriate safety protocols and use personal protective equipment when working with bismuth in forms that may produce dust or fumes.